COD or Chemical Oxygen Demand is the total measurement of all chemicals (organics & in-organics) in the water / waste water; BOD is a measure of, the amount of oxygen that require for the bacteria to degrade the organic components present in water / waste water.
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What is the difference between total COD and soluble COD?
Total COD is run on undiluted samples. For a soluble COD, the samples are filtered through a 0.45 mm filter before analysis to remove biological interference.
How do you calculate COD?
There is a formula for calculating COD. Consider the formula for COD calculation: (a – b) X C X 8,000 / the volume of the sample in mL. Let “a” represent the titrant used for your sample expressed in mL. Let “b” represent the titrant used for your blank sample in mL.
How is COD and TOC calculated?
The study concludes that TOC can be reliably used for the generic replacement of both COD (COD=49.2+3.00*TOC) and BOD5 (BOD5=23.7+1.68*TOC) in influent wastewaters but only for COD (COD=7.25+2.99*TOC) in final effluents.
What COD means?
1.1 Chemical Oxygen Demand. COD is an indicative measurement of the amount of oxygen that can be consumed by reactions in a measured solution. It is an indicator of the contents of reducing substances in the water, which are organic, nitrite, sulfide, ferrous salts, etc., and the organic is dominant.
What should be the COD of drinking water?
According to standards of Central Pollution Control Board, permissible value of BOD is 30 mg/l and COD is 250 mg/l. Hope this helps, it mentions standards for India relating to different uses.
Why is COD so important?
In wastewater treatment, the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) is an important measurement for the amount of oxygen that is required to break down pollutants (organic substances) in water. The chemical oxygen demand can be measured using different methods, direct or indirect.
Why do we do COD test?
The COD test is often used to monitor water treatment plant efficiency. This test is based on the fact that a strong oxidizing agent, under acidic conditions, can fully oxidize almost any organic compound to carbon dioxide.
What causes high COD in water?
COD increases as the concentration of organic material increases. It also increases if inorganic compounds susceptible to oxidation by the oxidant (typically dichromate) are present. Water with high COD typically contains high levels of decaying plant matter, human waste, or industrial effluent.
How do you analyze COD?
The traditional chemical oxygen demand (COD) analysis method is the wet chemistry method. This involves a two hour digestion at high heat under acidic conditions in which potassium dichromate acts as the oxidant for any organic material present in a water sample.
Is TOC higher than COD?
It is obvious that if TOC is high then, COD is also high, but the reverse relation may not be true ie, If COD is high it does not mean that TOC will be high. COD may be high due to presence of inorganic reducing substances and in that case TOC may be less.
Which is greater TOC or COD?
Also in my test of Greywater, TOC values are always higher than COD.
What is TOC ratio in COD?
The COD/TOC ratio for all compounds ranges between 0 and 5.33, and is a direct measure of the average oxidation state of the carbon in a specific compound or waste sample. The higher the COD/TOC ratio, the more impact the compound or waste sample will have on the surface water oxygen concentration.
How does COD work?
How Does Cash on Delivery Work? Buyers place an order, for example, on a website, and request delivery. The customer does not make payment while ordering the item and chooses cash on delivery as a payment method. Once the order is placed, an invoice is prepared by the seller, which is attached to the parcel.
What does COD mean in business terms?
Cash on delivery, or collect on delivery (COD), is a method of collecting payment that requires customers to pay for goods at the time of delivery. Companies that manufacture and distribute goods deliver products to potentially thousands of customers every day.
What is the value of COD?
The COD value indicates the amount of oxygen which is needed for the oxidation of all organic substances in water in mg/l or g/m3. The COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) is closely related to the laboratory standard method named Dichromate-Method.
What happen if COD is high?
Higher COD levels mean a greater amount of oxidizable organic material in the sample, which will reduce dissolved oxygen (DO) levels. A reduction in DO can lead to anaerobic conditions, which is deleterious to higher aquatic life forms.
How do I lower my COD levels?
You can reduce COD and BOD by adding hydrogen peroxide to the wastewater solution. The hydrogen peroxide will chemically attack the organics in the wastewater, degrading them and reducing the measured COD and BOD.
How does COD affect water quality?
When treated wastewater is discharged into the environment, it can introduce pollution in the form of organic content to receiving waters. High levels of wastewater COD indicate concentrations of organics that can deplete dissolved oxygen in the water, leading to negative environmental and regulatory consequences.
What is COD for shipping?
Collect on Delivery (C.O.D.)
What is cod liver oil do?
Cod liver oil contains certain “fatty acids” that prevent the blood from clotting easily. These fatty acids also reduce pain and swelling. Cod liver oil is used for heart health, depression, arthritis, and many other conditions, but there is no good scientific evidence to support these uses.
Lorraine Wade is all about natural food. She loves to cook and bake, and she’s always experimenting with new recipes. Her friends and family are the lucky beneficiaries of her culinary skills! Lorraine also enjoys hiking and exploring nature. She’s a friendly person who loves to chat with others, and she’s always looking for ways to help out in her community.