Chemical oxygen demand (COD) is the amount of dissolved oxygen that must be present in water to oxidize chemical organic materials, like petroleum. COD is used to gauge the short-term impact wastewater effluents will have on the oxygen levels of receiving waters.
What does COD stand for in engineering?
COD, or “Commercial Operation Date”, is the day that the system becomes fully operational and can begin selling power under the terms of the PPA. Typically, SolRiver releases any remaining funding amount when the project meets the COD milestone.
What is COD in civil engineering?
Chemical oxygen demand (COD) is a measure of the capacity of water to consume oxygen during the decomposition of organic matter and the oxidation of inorganic chemicals such as ammonia and nitrite.
Why COD is calculated?
Chemical oxygen demand (COD) is used to determine the quantity of pollution in water after wastewater treatment. The higher value of chemical oxygen demand indicates the higher organic pollution in the water sample. Only chemically digest able matter can be determined by the COD test.
What is a good COD level?
Influent COD in normal domestic sewage is therefore generally 600 – 900 mg/l and it is then treated to at least 75 -100 mg/l before discharge to minimise pollution potential.
What is COD in a project?
Commercial Operations. Date (COD) The stage when project construction ends and commercial. operations start.
What is COD explain?
COD is defined as the amount of oxygen equivalents consumed in the chemical oxidation of organic matter by strong oxidant (e.g., potassium dichromate).
What is COD environmental engineering?
The chemical oxygen demand (COD) is a measure of water and wastewater quality. The COD test is often used to monitor water treatment plant efficiency. This test is based on the fact that a strong oxidizing agent, under acidic conditions, can fully oxidize almost any organic compound to carbon dioxide.
Why do we measure BOD and COD?
Answer: Both COD and BOD test methods aim to give an indication of the amount of pollution in a water sample. COD is the amount of oxygen required to chemically breakdown the pollutants whereas BOD is the amount of oxygen required to do this biologically through micro-organisms.
What is mean by BOD and COD?
Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) is the amount of oxygen required by the microorganisms to break down the organic materials, whereas chemical oxygen demand (COD) is the amount of oxygen required to break down the organic material via oxidation.
How COD is measured?
COD is measured via a laboratory assay in which a sample is incubated with a strong chemical oxidant for a specified time interval and at constant temperature (usually 2 h at 150°C). The most commonly used oxidant is potassium dichromate, which is used in combination with boiling sulphuric acid.
How do you analyze COD?
The traditional chemical oxygen demand (COD) analysis method is the wet chemistry method. This involves a two hour digestion at high heat under acidic conditions in which potassium dichromate acts as the oxidant for any organic material present in a water sample.
What causes high COD in water?
COD increases as the concentration of organic material increases. It also increases if inorganic compounds susceptible to oxidation by the oxidant (typically dichromate) are present. Water with high COD typically contains high levels of decaying plant matter, human waste, or industrial effluent.
What happens if COD is high?
Higher COD levels mean a greater amount of oxidizable organic material in the sample, which will reduce dissolved oxygen (DO) levels. A reduction in DO can lead to anaerobic conditions, which is deleterious to higher aquatic life forms.
Why is COD so important?
In wastewater treatment, the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) is an important measurement for the amount of oxygen that is required to break down pollutants (organic substances) in water. The chemical oxygen demand can be measured using different methods, direct or indirect.
What is COD commissioning?
Related Content. As used for electricity, the date under a long term power purchase agreement when the commissioning tests have been passed and the facility starts to generate power to earn revenue.
What is COD Commercial?
Commercial Operation Date (COD) . – means the date following the Day on which the Project is Commissioned.
What is COD in power plant?
Date of commercial operation (COD) in relation to a generating unit of hydro generating station including pumped storage hydro generating station shall mean the date declared by the generating company after demonstrating peaking capability corresponding to the Installed Capacity of the generating station through a
What is COD in chemical engineering?
COD is defined as the amount of oxygen equivalents consumed in the chemical oxidation of organic matter by strong oxidant (e.g., potassium dichromate).
What does COD stand for in wastewater?
Chemical oxygen demand (COD) is the amount of dissolved oxygen that must be present in water to oxidize chemical organic materials, like petroleum. COD is used to gauge the short-term impact wastewater effluents will have on the oxygen levels of receiving waters.
How do you reduce COD in wastewater?
You can reduce COD and BOD by adding hydrogen peroxide to the wastewater solution. The hydrogen peroxide will chemically attack the organics in the wastewater, degrading them and reducing the measured COD and BOD.
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