Explanation. The process of obtaining a metal either as an element or as a simple compound from its ore by heating beyond the melting point in the presence of oxidising agents such as air and coke is known as smelting. Copper is the first metal to be smelted followed by tin, lead and silver.
What is the smelting process?
Smelting is a form of extractive metallurgy to produce a metal from its ore. Smelting uses heat and a chemical reducing agent to decompose the ore, driving off other elements as gasses or slag and leaving just the metal behind. The reducing agent is commonly a source of carbon such as coke, charcoal, and coal.
What is smelting process example?
In the smelting process a metal that is combined with oxygen—for example, iron oxide—is heated to a high temperature, and the oxide is caused to combine with the carbon in the fuel, escaping as carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide.
What is smelting Toppr?
Smelting: It is a process of extracting the impure metal from its ore at a high temperature in an enclosed furnace using a suitable flux and a reducing agent.
What is the smelting process of iron?
Smelting involves heating up ore until the metal becomes spongy and the chemical compounds in the ore begin to break down. Most important, it releases oxygen from the iron ore, which makes up a high percentage of common iron ores. The most primitive facility used to smelt iron is a bloomery.
What is smelting process Class 10?
Smelting is the chemical process of extracting the metal from its crude ore. It is done by means of mixing it with the purifying substance like coke and limestone and heating it at very high temperature.
What is meant by the term smelting?
Meaning of smelting in English
the act or process of getting a metal from rock by heating it to a very high temperature, or of melting objects made from metal in order to use the metal to make something new: Iron mining and smelting reached their peak during the second half of the nineteenth century.
Who invented smelting?
The development of iron smelting was traditionally attributed to the Hittites of Anatolia of the Late Bronze Age. It was believed that they maintained a monopoly on iron working, and that their empire had been based on that advantage.
What’s the difference between smelting and melting?
Both processes involve heating a substance into a higher temperature. The main difference between melting and smelting is that melting converts a solid substance into a liquid whereas smelting converts an ore to its purest form.
What is smelting for 12th?
Smelting is a process of applying heat to ore to extract a base metal. it’s a sort of extractive metallurgy. it’s wont to extract many metals from their ores, including silver, iron, copper, and other base metals.
What is smelting Class 11?
Smelting is a method of extractive metallurgy. It involves the process of heating an ore for the extraction of the base metal. It is a very significant process in metallurgy and is used commonly for the extraction of metals like iron.
Where is smelting done?
Smelting most prominently takes place in a blast furnace to produce pig iron, which is converted into steel.
When was smelting invented?
The earliest known artifacts that were shaped through melting and molds are copper axes from the Balkans dating to the 4th millennium BCE. Furnaces with forced-air drafts were invented to reach the high temperatures required for smelting.
What is smelting waste called?
SLAG. the scum formed by oxidation at the surface of molten metals. Waste materials. convert into slag.
How do you smelt gold?
Smelting gold is accomplished by using high pressure, heat and various chemicals to breakdown the ore and melt the gold to separate it from the impurities. The gold must be heated to an excess of 1046 degrees Celsius or 2150 degrees Fahrenheit.
What is melting metal called?
Smelting is the process of removing a metal element from mined ores. Most metals are found as veins in rocks, or as parts of other elements. Smelting is the first step of extraction. Melting is what is done with metal alloys or pure metals. Scrap is melted, ore is smelted.
What is smelting and roasting?
Roasting, or heating in air without fusion, transforms sulfide ores into oxides, the sulfur escaping as sulfur dioxide, a gas. Smelting (q.v.) is the process used in blast furnaces to reduce iron ores. Tin, copper, and lead ores are also smelted.
Is smelting an oxidation process?
Self-heating smelting of sulfide concentrate sustains high-temperature smelting process mainly from the oxidation of sulfide in the concentrate and the heat from ferrous oxide in slag. As it is not necessary to add fuel, it is called heat smelting.
What is called ore?
Ore is a deposit in Earth’s crust of one or more valuable minerals. The most valuable ore deposits contain metals crucial to industry and trade, like copper, gold, and iron. Copper ore is mined for a variety of industrial uses. Copper, an excellent conductor of electricity, is used as electrical wire.
Who made steel first?
Chinese
The Chinese of the Warring States period (403–221 BC) had quench-hardened steel, while Chinese of the Han dynasty (202 BC—AD 220) created steel by melting together wrought iron with cast iron, thus producing a carbon-intermediate steel by the 1st century AD.
Why flux is used in smelting?
flux, in metallurgy, any substance introduced in the smelting of ores to promote fluidity and to remove objectionable impurities in the form of slag. Limestone is commonly used for this purpose in smelting iron ores. Other materials used as fluxes are silica, dolomite, lime, borax, and fluorite.
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