The use of plant growth promoting (PGP) organisms-based biofertilizers (Rhizobium with Phosphobacteria) increases crop yield by fixing the atmospheric nitrogen and improving the availability of phosphorus in leguminous crops (Selvakumar et al., 2012).
Which fertilizer is best for chickpea?
The generally recommended doses for chickpea include 20–30 kg nitrogen (N) and 40–60 kg phosphorus (P) ha-1. If soils are low in potassium (K), an application of 17 to 25 kg K ha-1 is recommended.
What is the yield of chickpeas?
The average global chickpea yield is about 1.8 ton/ha, but the average yield in west and south Asia is only 1.46 tons/ha (Table 2 ). Though the production is low in other developing countries, such as Turkey, Myanmar, Ethiopia, and Mexico, the yield levels exceed 1.8 ton/ha (Table 2 ).
Which are the critical growth stages of chickpea?
The phenological stages of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) growth may be broadly classified as emergence, flowering, pod set, and physiological maturity. Being indeterminate, the last three stages occur simultaneously in different parts of the plant along with vegetative growth (Summerfield & Wien 1980; Saxena 1984).
How are chickpeas produced?
How Do Chickpeas Grow? The dry or canned chickpeas that you purchase at the grocery store are the seeds of the chickpea plant. These seeds grow inside green pods (just like snap beans, edamame, or lentils) on bushy plants that thrive in the cool season of early spring.
Which soil is best for chickpea?
Grow chickpeas in loose, well-drained soil rich in organic matter. Add aged compost to planting beds in advance of planting. Avoid planting chickpeas where green manures have just grown or in soil high in nitrogen; this will result in green leafy growth, not seed production. Add potassium and phosphorus to the soil.
What climate do chickpeas grow in?
Climate: Chickpea is a cool season annual crop performing optimally in 70° to 80°F daytime temperatures and 64° to 70°F night temperatures. They produce good yields in drier conditions because of their deep tap root.
What is the yield of chickpea per acre?
8-10 quintals per acre
The yield from 1 acre chickpea farm. The yield of the crop varies depending upon various factors but on the average yield potential of chickpea is 8-10 quintals per acre.
Are chickpeas self pollinating?
Chickpea is predominantly a self-pollinating species and due to its small flowers, crossing is difficult and tedious. Two methods have been reported for genetic crossing in chickpea: artificial hybridization with and without emasculation [5, 8,9,10,11,12, 14] with very low success rate.
Who is the biggest exporter of chickpeas?
Top Chickpeas Exports by Country
- Australia: US$236.6 million (19% of total exported chickpeas)
- Turkey: $148.9 million (12%)
- India: $140.7 million (11.3%)
- Russia: $116.3 million (9.4%)
- Mexico: $105.8 million (8.5%)
- United States: $105.2 million (8.5%)
- Argentina: $66.7 million (5.4%)
- Canada: $64.8 million (5.2%)
Which culture is essential for seed treatment of chickpea?
Seed treatment with • Trichoderma viride @ 4 g per kg seed has been found effective in reducing incidence of wilt.
What is the growth pattern of chickpea in its vegetative stage?
4.2.5 Flowering, podding and seed development
Growth in chickpea is often described as ‘indeterminate’. This means that branch and leaf (or vegetative) growth continues as the plant switches to a reproductive mode and initiates flowering.
Which one is the variety of chick pea crop?
Based on seed size and shape, two main kinds of chickpea are recognized: Desi types, found predominantly in India and Ethiopia, have small, angular, colored seeds and a rough coat and are believed to be closer to the probable wild ancestor C. reticulatum. They have a bushy growth habit and blue-violet flowers.
How many chickpeas does one plant produce?
Each chickpeas plant produces a minimum of 3 pods. And each contains 1-2 seeds. To feed a family, grow 4-8 chickpeas plants per each family member.
How long do chickpeas take to grow?
about 100 days
Chickpeas will be ready for picking about 100 days after you plant them. If you plan to eat them fresh, harvest them while the pods are still small and green, then eat them like snap beans. If you prefer to dry them, wait for the leaves to wither and turn brown, then pull the whole plant.
How are chickpeas grown commercially?
Chickpea fields are harvested once the pods that hold the beans are yellow and mature. Once they reach that stage the field basically looks like any field full of wheat. Similar to wheat, they can be harvested with a combine. This gigantic beast of a machine either needs to be specialised or running on a low speed.
Do chickpeas need a trellis?
Chickpeas are planted 6 per square 1.5-2 inches deep. Chickpeas will require a trellis to help support their height. Chickpeas will require full sun. Take care to notice what plants are around the area as well, see the companion plant section below.
Is chickpea a nitrogen fixing plant?
Chickpea and faba bean provide many benefits in northern cropping rotations, including the ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen (N2), resulting in more soil N for following cereal crops. The amount of nitrogen fixed is determined by how well the pulse crop grows and the level of nitrate in the soil at planting.
Is chickpea a nitrogen fixer?
Beans, cowpea, chickpea, soybean, and others enrich the soil with life-giving nitrogen. Bacteria that live in nodules along the plant’s roots are able to transform the nitrogen in the air into the organic form plants need to grow.
Where do chickpeas grow the best?
About 80-90% of chickpeas are cultivated in India. In the United States, California ranks number one in production but some areas of Washington, Idaho and Montana are also now growing the legume.
Are chickpeas annual?
The chickpea or chick pea (Cicer arietinum) is an annual legume of the family Fabaceae, subfamily Faboideae.
Lorraine Wade is all about natural food. She loves to cook and bake, and she’s always experimenting with new recipes. Her friends and family are the lucky beneficiaries of her culinary skills! Lorraine also enjoys hiking and exploring nature. She’s a friendly person who loves to chat with others, and she’s always looking for ways to help out in her community.