Other chemicals/drugs known to cause bone marrow suppression include chloramphenicol, meclofenamic acid, phenylbutazone, quinidine, trimethoprim-sulfadiazine, albendazole and fenbendazole (Manyan et al., 1972).
Can drugs damage bone marrow?
The majority of cytotoxic drugs exert a dose-dependent injury to the hemopoietic bone marrow. In experimental systems, two different types of damage to the hemopoietic stem cell compartments have been demonstrated to occur following cytotoxic drug exposure.
What causes marrow suppression?
Bone marrow suppression is when fewer blood cells are made in the marrow. It’s a common side effect of some strong medicines, such as chemotherapy. Bone marrow suppression can cause: Anemia.
What drugs can cause myelosuppression?
Myelosuppression and chemotherapy
- Fluorouracil: This drug can cause all forms of myelosuppression.
- Oxaliplatin: This medication can cause neutropenia and thrombocytopenia.
- Irinotecan: This agent can lead to neutropenia.
- Capecitabine: This medication can cause all forms of myelosuppression.
What is the most common cause of bone marrow failure?
The most common cause of acquired bone marrow failure is aplastic anemia. (See Etiology, Presentation, Workup, and Treatment.) Diseases that can present in a manner similar to acquired bone marrow failure include myelodysplastic syndromes, paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria, and large granular lymphocytic leukemia.
What are signs of bone marrow suppression?
What are symptoms of bone marrow suppression?
- Low platelets: Easy bruising. Bleeding: nose bleeds, gums, or mouth. Tiny red spots on the skin (petechiae)
- Low white blood cells: Fever and chills. Rash.
- Low red blood cells: Fatigue (extreme tiredness that doesn’t get better with rest) Paleness of skin, lips, and nail beds.
Can bone marrow suppression be reversed?
Myelosuppression is usually reversible; however, it may take several months for the white blood cell count to return to the normal range, and some patients remain relatively leukopenic. Irreversible, fatal bone marrow suppression has been reported in patients receiving chlorambucil for rheumatic disease.
Can aspirin cause bone marrow suppression?
It has been shown that oral administration of low doses of aspirin significantly reduces circulatory erythrocyte and leukocyte counts suggesting the inhibitory action of this drug on bone marrow hemopoiesis.
Can a virus cause bone marrow suppression?
Viral infections are frequently associated with a transient reduction of the number of circulating blood cells as a consequence of bone marrow (BM)1 suppression. If virusinduced dysfunction of the BM is severe, secondary bacterial invasion or bleeding may be lethal for the host (1).
Can steroids suppress bone marrow?
The accumulation of the lymphocyte-like cells in the bone marrow which occurs normally during regeneration from total body irradiation was suppressed by the corticosteroid prednisone.
Can antibiotics affect bone marrow?
However, prolonged use of antibiotics (two weeks or longer) is associated with adverse events, including bone marrow suppression [2–5]. With incidence ranging between 5–34%, bone marrow suppression is one of the most common antibiotic-associated adverse events, and can present as anemia and/or neutropenia [6].
What happens if bone marrow is suppressed?
Bone marrow suppression is when fewer blood cells are made in the marrow. It can cause a decrease in red and white blood cells, and platelets. Nearly all chemotherapy (chemo) medicines cause a drop in blood cell counts.
What can destroy bone marrow?
A number of conditions pose a threat to bone marrow because they prevent it from turning stem cells into essential cells. Leukemia, Hodgkin disease, and other lymphoma cancers can damage bone marrow’s productive ability and destroy stem cells.
Can alcohol affect your bone marrow?
Alcohol also damages the bone marrow, where blood cells are made. This leads to low blood counts including red cells, white cells and platelets. Platelets are the main cells involved in the clotting process.
What diseases can affect bone marrow?
Other serious blood disorders, such as aplastic anemia, can affect the bone marrow, but are not cancerous.
Some of the blood and marrow disorders we treat at The University of Kansas Cancer Center include:
- Childhood blood cancers.
- Leukemia.
- Lymphoma.
- Multiple myeloma.
- Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS)
- Sickle cell disease.
What are 5 causes of pancytopenia?
There are many different conditions that can cause pancytopenia.
Some possible causes of pancytopenia include:
- Cancer.
- Lupus.
- Bone marrow disorders.
- Infections.
- Side effects of medicine.
- Exposure to toxins such as radiation, arsenic, or benzine.
- Chemotherapy treatments.
- Radiation treatments.
Viral infections that affect bone marrow can play a role in the development of aplastic anemia. Viruses that have been linked to aplastic anemia include hepatitis, Epstein-Barr, cytomegalovirus, parvovirus B19 and HIV.
Which antibacterial agent causes bone marrow depression?
Piperacillin (and piperacillin/tazobactam) is a commonly prescribed antibiotic and is generally considered safe. We report a case of piperacillin induced bone marrow suppression.
Which among the following antibiotics is most likely to cause depression of bone marrow?
(b) Vancomycin.
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