Method of propagation and propagation materials for yam cultivation: Yam is propagated by the following materials: yam setts, yam seeds or yam mini setts. Seed rate: one seed yam or sett per hole; three to five tons of seed yam per hectare is required.
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How do you plant yam seeds?
How to grow yam in a garden
- Buy seeds of yams just like buying potato seeds from a garden centre.
- Enrich well drained soil by digging in compost & Yates Thrive Natural Blood & Bone with Seaweed.
- Prepare furrows, space between rows about 50 cm and plant the sprouted yams in to the soil at a depth of 15 cm.
- Water in well.
What is a seed yam?
Seed yams are being mass produced by scientists in a rapid and affordable process, which avoids using soil and transferring disease. A project in Ghana and Nigeria is using aeroponics to address the inefficiency of traditional seed yam production and increase yields of the staple crop.
What is the germination period for yam?
Tuber development begins around 11 to 13 weeks after the yam plant emerges.
What is the spacing for yam?
The normally recommended spacing of yams for commercial yam production is 1 m × 1 m between rows and stands, respectively (10,000 stands/ha). Use narrower spacing (1 m × 0.25 m) for smaller sets (e.g., 30 g).
What is the maturity period of yam?
8-11 months
Most edible yams normally reach maturity 8-11 months after planting, but some first harvest after 5 months. The growth period ends at the end of the rainy season.
What is the best fertilizer for yam?
Yams respond well to Organic Fertilizers like compost – a mixture of decayed organic matter composed of plant parts and animal manures.
How many yams can you plant per acre?
It is estimated that using mounds can produce about 3000 tubers of yam per acre whereas ridges yield twice the amount with 6000 tubers per acre.
Where do yams grow best?
Most yams we buy from the store are grown overseas in tropical and sub-tropical countries around Africa and Asia. Yams are often mistaken for sweet potato, but they are two completely different plants. Yams are more difficult to grow and take much longer to be ready for harvest.
What is the difference between yam seed and seed yam?
Seed yam ready for planting. Tubers produced from seed yam are genetically identical to the mother seed material, while those produced from yam seeds have an identity different from the parent material. In West Africa, farmer-saved seeds are the predominant source of planting material (Nweke et al. 2011).
How do you increase the yield of a yam?
Some approaches to producing quality seed of yam are as follows: farmers select small whole tubers from a ware crop harvest; stimulate the production of seed tubers by ‘milking’ ware tubers while the leaves of the plant are still green (double harvest system); cut ware tubers into setts about the same sizes as regular
What is the planting material for yam?
In traditional yam production, the planting material is usually a mixture of cut and whole tubers, with resultant crops that are made up of plants of different ages even when planted on the same date. This study revealed that small whole-seed tubers were better than cut setts.
What is dormancy in yam?
We propose that there are three phases of dormancy in D. rotundata yams: Phase I (tuber initiation to tuber germinating meristem formation), Phase II (tuber germinating meristem to foliar primordium) and Phase III (foliar primordium to the appearance of shoot buds at the surface/sprouting loci).
Do yams need a lot of water?
How much water are yams required to grow? Yams may grow in dry soil once they’ve been planted. It’s good and ideal to keep it uniformly moist by watering it once a week with 1 inch of water. To prevent the mature tubers from splitting, don’t water your yams in the final three to four weeks before harvest.
What is the land preparation for yam?
Land is prepared in the form of mound or ridge or heap of 1 metre (3 ft 3 in) height. The yams recommended for such soil conditions in Nigeria are white yam or white guinea yam (Discorea rotundata) and water yam or yellow yam (Discorea alata). Planting is done by seed yam or cut setts from ware tubers.
Is chicken manure good for yam?
Synergistic use of oil palm bunch ash + poultry manure at 10 t ha−1 each was most effective for sustainable management of soils and for improving agronomic productivity of yam.
What are the diseases of yam?
The field and storage diseases are presented, anthracnose is regarded as the most widely spread of all the field diseases, while yam mosaic virus disease is considered to cause the most severe losses in yams. Dry rot is considered as the most devastating of all the storage diseases of yam.
What is the method of propagation of yam?
Propagation Yams are propagated vegetatively from small tubers. Land should be prepared for planting by plowing and harrowing. Tubers should be planted in trenches to a depth of 15 cm (6 in) allowing at least 30 cm (12 in) between individual plants and 1.5 m (5 ft) between rows.
What are the main nutrients in yams?
Yams are not only an excellent source of fiber but also high in potassium and manganese, which are important for supporting bone health, growth, metabolism, and heart function ( 3 , 4 ). These tubers also provide decent amounts of other micronutrients, such as copper and vitamin C.
Why is staking necessary in yam production?
Staking provides each plant the ability to grow without bending to the point where it breaks the plant and stops growth. It can also can also be used prevent the fruit from beginning to rot as it sits on the ground as the stalk grows overtime .
What is the average length of a yam?
Native to Africa and Asia, yam tubers vary in size from that of a small potato to over 1.5 meters in length and 70 kgin weight.
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